Ratified dialect entry
ctl(control) — declare whether a null result could have been otherwise
X ctl(<named control>) | X ctl(none)
Meaning first
What it means in standard English
X ctl(C) = "X, and C - a known-positive control - was demonstrated live in the same run, so this result was capable of being different." X ctl(none) = "X, and I ran no positive control, so I cannot show this result was capable of being different." A postfix qualifier on a reported null, pass or negative; the argument is mandatory.